Overview
Transgender surgery in India is becoming more accepted and accessible than ever before. With growing societal support and advancements in medical care, more individuals are finding it possible to align their physical bodies with their gender identities.
In recent years, India has seen a significant increase in the number of transgender surgeries. According to a study by the Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery, there has been a rise of over 20% in the demand for these procedures annually. This trend reflects a broader shift towards greater acceptance and the availability of specialized medical services for transgender individuals.
This blog will guide you through everything you need to know about transgender surgery in India. We'll explore the different types of surgeries available, such as male-to-female (MTF) and female-to-male (FTM) procedures, and discuss their costs. You’ll also learn how to choose the right surgeon and what to expect in terms of preparation and recovery.
For expert advice and personalized care on transgender surgery, consult with a specialized plastic surgeon to explore your options and start your journey today.
You may be curious about whether transgender surgery in India is becoming more common and accepted," says Dr. Vinod Vij. "The answer is a resounding yes. Over the past decade, India has seen a significant rise in both the demand for and the availability of transgender surgeries.
Dr. Vij explains that the increasing number of transgender individuals seeking surgery is a reflection of broader social changes. "India is becoming more inclusive and supportive of transgender people. This shift is encouraging more individuals to take steps towards aligning their bodies with their gender identities."
In India, transgender surgeries are performed by a team of experienced surgeons and medical professionals. The surgeries are typically done in specialized medical centers and hospitals.
The cost of transgender surgery in India is generally lower compared to other countries, making it an affordable option for many people.
Let’s look at a few transgender surgery experts, hospitals, and costs in India.
Take charge of your health and your life. Contact us today!
Transgender Surgery Doctors in India
Transgender surgery doctors in Mumbai
Dr. Vinod Vij
- Consultant Plastic & Cosmetic Surgeon in Navi Mumbai.
- Specializations: Focus on aesthetic and reconstructive surgeries, including liposuction, body contouring, breast surgery, rhinoplasty, facelifts, and hair transplant surgeries.
- Memberships: Registered with Maharashtra Medical Council, active in various professional groups including the National Faculty for J&J Microsurgery Course.
- Years of Practice: 26 years
Dr. Ajit Kumar Borkar
- Plastic Surgeon in Mahim, Mumbai
- Memberships: Member of Medical Council of India (MCI)
- Member of the Indian Medical Association (IMA)
- Years of Practice- 45 years
Dr. Samir Warty
- Consultant plastic and reconstructive surgery - S L Raheja Hospital, Mahim
- Special interests include Abdominoplasty, Laser Resurfacing, Mesolipolysis, plastic and reconstructive surgery etc.
- Memberships - Indian Dental Association and American Association Of Orthodontists.
- Years of Practice - 41 years.
Dr. Prabha Yadav
- Head, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery at Sir H. N. Reliance Foundation Hospital and Research Centre.
- Special interests include microvascular surgery, aesthetic and reconstructive surgery etc.
- Executive Committee Member of ISRM (Indian Society for Reconstructive Micro-Surgery) and APSI (Association of Plastic Surgeons of India).
- Years of Practice - 41 years.
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Transgender surgery doctors in Delhi
Dr. Vineet Malhotra
- Gender Reassignment specialist - VNA HOSPITAL.
- Special interests include Male sexual disorders - Erectile dysfunction, Premature ejaculation, Male sexual wellness , Penile implant, Sexual dysfunction, Penis treatment, Pre-marital check & counselling, Prostate screening, etc.
- Memberships - USI (Urological Society of India), AUA (American Urological Association), SASSM (South Asian society for sexual medicine), ISSM (International society for sexual medicine), and Society for ambulatory surgeons of India
- Years of Practice - 28 years.
Dr. Vinod Kaul
- Specializes in Gender Reassignment, Triventis Healthcare, Kalkaji.
- Special interests include Bariatric (Gastric Bypass) Surgery, Breast Augmentation Surgery, Laparoscopic Sterilization, Preoperative treatment, and Pancreas transplantation etc.
- Memberships - Delhi Medical Council, DMA (Delhi Medical Association), and IMA (Indian Medical Association).
- Years of Practice - 46 years.
Dr. Manika Khanna
- Specializes in Gender Reassignment, Gaudium IVF &Gynac Solution, Janakpuri.
- Special interests include Infertility treatment, Laparoscopic surgery etc.
- Memberships - ESHRE (The European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology) and ASRM (American Society for Reproductive Medicine).
- Years of Practice - 27 years.
Transgender surgery doctors in Bangalore
Dr. Girish Nelivigi
- Specializes in Gender Reassignment, ReSCUE - The Urology Center, Rajaji Nagar.
- Special interests include Pediatric Urology, Kidney Stone Treatment, Urethral Stricture, Prostate biopsy, Orchidectomy, and Microsurgical Varicocelectomy, etc.
- Memberships - USI (Urological Society Of India.
- Years of Practice - 30 years.
Dr. Shrinivas R P
- Specializes in Gender Reassignment, Manipal Hospital, Whitefield.
- Special interests include the treatment of Bladder cancer, Kidney cancer, Kidney stones, Urinary infection, Prostate cancer, Kidney transplants, Stress incontinence, etc.
- Memberships - USI (Urological Society Of India), Karnataka Medical Council, and UICC-ICRETT fellowship, University of Southern California, LA.
- Years of Practice - 22 years.
Dr. K S Shiva Kumar
- Specializes in Gender Reassignment, MShree Srinivasa Uro Care, Indira Nagar.
- Special interests include Urology, Andrology, Laparoscopic Surgery, Sexology, etc.
- Memberships - IMA (Indian Medical Association), Bangalore Urological Society, and USI (Urological Society of India).
- Years of Practice - 27 years.
Transgender surgery doctors in Chennai
Dr. Sridev Barathan
- Specializes in Gender Reassignment, Parvathi Nursing Home, K K Nagar.
- Special interests include IVF, IUI, Artificial Insemination, Andrology, Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis, Embryo & Egg Donor Program, etc.
- Memberships - MACE (Manipal Academy of Clinical Embryologists), Academy Of Clinical Embryologists, MCI (Medical Council Of India), and Tamilnadu Medical Council.
- Years of Practice - 31 years.
Dr. Parimalam Ramanathan
- Specializes in Gender Reassignment, London Harley Street Women & Fertility Centre, Perungudi.
- Special interests include IVF, IUI, Cervical Cerclage, Unilateral Salpingo-Oophorectomy, Hysterectomy (Abdominal/Vaginal), etc.
- Memberships - RCOG (Royal College of Obstetrics &Gynaecology), BMS (British menopause society), ASRM (American Society of Reproductive medicine), BFS (British Fertility Society), ISUOG (International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics &Gynaecology), and FOGSI (Federation of Obstetric &Gynaecological Society of India).
- Years of Practice - 29 years.
Dr. Preethi P
- Specializes in Gender Reassignment, Prime OBG Women Speciality, Thiruvanmiyur.
- Special interests include IVF, IUI, Andrology, Laparoscopic Ovarian cyst Removal Polyopectomy, Male and Female Fertility enhancing Surgery, etc.
- Memberships - IMA (Indian Medical Association, FOGSI (Federation of Obstetric and Gynaecological Societies of India), ISAR (Indian Society for Assisted Reproduction), TAPISAR (Tamil Nadu and Pondicherry Chapter of India Society for Assisted Reproduction), and ASRM (American Society of Reproductive Medicine).
- Years of Practice - 33 years.
Transgender surgery doctors in Kolkata
Dr. Purushottam Sah
- Specializes in Gender Reassignment, Nightingale Hospital, Shakespeare Sarani.
- Special interests include Gynecology, Andrology, Sexology, Infertility etc.
- Memberships - IMA (Indian Medical Association) and ISSM (International Society for Sexual Medicine).
- Years of Practice - 41 years.
Dr. Ranjana Tibrewal
- Specializes in Gender Reassignment, The Apollo Clinic, Prince Anwar Shah Rd.
- Special interests include Caesarean Section (C Section), Laparoscopic Surgery, Adolescent Gynecological Problems, Menopausal Problems, Breast Problems, Hysteroscopy, etc.
- Memberships - Bengal Obstetrics And Gynecology Society, Executive Committee Member ISOPARB (Indian Society Of Perinatology And Reproductive Biology).
- Years of Practice - 21 years.
Dr. Ramna Banerjee
- Specializes in Gender Reassignment, Apollo Gleneagles Hospital, Canal Road.
- Special interests include Caesarean Section (C Section), Mirena (Hormonal Iud), Essure System, Hysteroscopy Laparoscopic Surgery, Cervical Cerclage, Hysterectomy (Abdominal/Vaginal) etc.
- Memberships - RCOG (The Royal College Of Obstetricians And Gynaecologists); UK, GMC (General Medical Council; UK, BSCCP (The British Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology); UK, and West Bengal Medical Council.
- Years of Practice - 23 years.
Are you looking for a transgender surgery hospital in India?
Don’t worry! Below we have listed some excellent hospitals for people seeking a transgender operation in India.
Your well-being is our priority - call us to book your appointment today.
Transgender Surgery Hospitals In India
Transgender Surgery Hospitals in Mumbai
Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, Mumbai
- Established in 2009. Accredited by the JCI (Joint Commission International) and NABH (the National Accreditation Board for Hospitals & Healthcare Providers), (NABL) National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories, India, and CAP (College of American Pathology) Accreditation, USA.
- Possesses a Full-Time Specialist System (FTSS) that guarantees quick access to committed specialists who are only affiliated with KokilabenDhirubhai Ambani Hospital.
- It is the first hospital in India to use a 3-room IMRIS (Intra-operative MRI Suite), a non-moving imaging and diagnostic tool.
S L Raheja Fortis Hospital, Mahim, Mumbai
- Established in 1981, it has been accredited by NABH and NABL.
- S. L. Raheja Hospital, Mumbai, a super specialty hospital is situated in Mahim's environs.
- It is famous for providing top-notch care in a number of specialties, including oncology, orthopedics, spine, neurology, cardiology, and limited-access surgery.
Fortis Hospital, Mulund West, Mumbai
- Founded in 2002 and Fortis, Mulund, has received 4 JCI and 1 NABH accreditation.
- Since its founding in 1996, Brand Fortis has built more than 55 facilities to provide healthcare services both inside and outside of India.
- The specialties available include, Cardiac surgery, nephrology, urology, neurosciences, digestive care, orthopedics, emergency and critical care.
Click here to learn more about about hospitals for transgender treatment in Mumbai.
Transgender Surgery Hospitals in Delhi
Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Old Rajendra Nagar, Delhi
- Established in 1951
- Accreditions: OHSAS 18001:1999, ISO 9001:2000, ISO 14001:2004, ISO 15189:2007, NABH and NABL.
- Multispeciality hospital with state-of-the-art facilities and technology.
- One of India's finest hospitals.
Max Super Speciality Hospital, Patparganj, Delhi
- Founded in 2005
- Accredited by NABH & NABL.
- Specialties: Aesthetic and reconstructive surgery, dental care, ENT, cancer care, cardiac surgery, neurosciences, orthopedics etc.
- The first hospital in India to be awarded "Stage 6" by HIMSS.
- Founded in 1996
- JCI and NABL accredited.
- Provides 115 telemedicine facilities, 10,000 beds spread over 64 hospitals, over 2,200 pharmacies, and more than 100 primary care & diagnostic clinics spanning 9 countries.
- 52 specialties are housed under one roof
Click here to know more hospitals for transgender treatment in Delhi.
Transgender Surgery Hospitals in in Bangalore
Manipal Hospital, Old Airport Road, Bangalore
- Founded in 1991, Manipal Hospital has received accreditions from NABH, NABL (ISQUA), and AAHRPP (Association for the Accreditation of the Human Research Protection Programs).
- Listed in the top 5 health facilities in the study "INDIA'S MOST CARING HOSPITALS."
- Won the Golden Peacock National Quality Award - 2005 in the category of Services.
Fortis Hospital
- Founded in 2006, Fortis Hospital, Bangalore (Bannerghatta Road), accredited through the JCI (Joint Commission International), NABH (National Accreditation Board for Hospitals & Healthcare Providers) and MTQUA (Medical Travel Quality Alliance).
- MTQUA has ranked it at No. 3 among the top hospitals in the world and No. 1 in India for medical tourism.
- Numerous awards have been given to the hospital, including the Asian Patient Safety Award, the AHPI Award, the Global Marketing Excellence Award, the Healthcare and Social Care Support Award, the National Energy Conservation Award 2014, and the International Medical Tourism Accreditations for Excellence in Care.
Apollo Hospital, Bannerghatta Road, Bangalore
- Founded in 2007, Apollo Hospital, Bangalore (Bannerghatta Road), is accredited by the JCI (Joint Commission International).
- The "Minimal Access Surgery Centre" (MASC), which focuses on minimally invasive surgical methods, is one of Apollo Hospitals' flagship centres of excellence in Bengaluru.
- According to the 2013 Week A C Nielsen Best Hospital Survey, Apollo Hospitals is Bangalore's second-best multi-speciality hospital.
Click here to know more about hospitals for transgender treatment in Bangalore.
Transgender Surgery Hospitals in Chennai
Apollo Hospitals, Greams Road, Chennai
- Founded in 1983
- Accredited by the JCI and NABH.
- The first hospital in India to offer advanced techniques in radiosurgery, stereotactic radiotherapy
- Specialties: cancer, heart, bones, joints, and the spine; neurology; bariatric surgery; gastroenterology and colorectal surgery; ophthalmology;
Fortis Hospital, Adyar, Chennai
- Founded in 1992
- Accredited by NABH.
- Provides comprehensive medical care in over 40 different specialities
- State-of-the-art medical technology and committed patient care
Apollo Speciality Hospital, Vanagaram, Chennai
- Established in 2013
- Accredited by NABH.
- Specialties: Cardiology, ENT, Endocrinology, Gastroenterology, Neurology, Nephrology, Ophthalmology, Gynaecology, Urology, Spine Surgery, Orthopaedics, Plastic & Cosmetic Surgery, etc.
- 260-bed hospital
- Contains ICU, MICU, SICU, PICU, NICU facilities,
- A 24-hour emergency service is accessible.
Click here to learn more about hospitals for transgender treatment in Chennai.
Transgender Surgery Hospitals in Kolkata
Fortis Hospital - Anandapur, Anandapur, Kolkata
- Established in 2011
- Accredited by NABH.
- Provides a cutting-edge infrastructure and facility
- Specialties: digestive care, emergency care, urology, neurosciences, nephrology, orthopedics, and critical care.
- The MIC ,CCU ,recuperation and isolation beds, separate high-dependency units, make up the well-equipped ICU segment which houses over more than 70 beds.
Apollo Gleneagles Hospitals, Salt Lake, Kolkata
- Established in 2003
- Accredited with JCI
- The first in introducing Novalis TX with Brain LAB, a pathbreaking technology in R (Radiation Therapy)
- Launching the nations first Cellvizio System
- Conducting East India's 1st Reverse Shoulder Prosthesis Replacement as well as first ever cadaver transplant.
- The 2013 THE WEEK-A C Nielsen Best Hospital Survey named it as Kolkata's top multi-specialty hospital.
Woodlands Multispeciality Hospital Ltd. Alipore Road, Kolkata
- Established in 1946
- Accredited with NAHB.
- Specialties: joint surgery, Spine surgery, Arthroscopy, reconstructive surgery, Deformity correction, and Joint replacements, kidney care, Nephrology, urology, surgical oncology, among others.
- The only hospital with "Pharmacie-De-Qualitie" certification in Eastern India.
Now, let's take a look at how much money one needs when considering transgender surgery in India.
Transgender Operation Cost in India
Depending on the region of the country, SRS surgery in India can cost anywhere from USD5000 - USD10000, while some facilities offer treatments for far less.
Here is a list of Sex Change Surgery Costs in various cities in India.
City | Cost in USD (Min to Max) |
|---|---|
Mumbai | 2000 - 4500 |
Delhi | 1500 - 6500 |
Bangalore | 2000 - 5000 |
Chennai | 1300 - 3700 |
Are you wondering why the gender change cost in India varies in different cities?
Here’s why…
Factors Affecting The Cost Of Gender Reassignment Surgery In India
Several factors can affect the cost of transgender surgery in India, including the type of procedure, the surgeon's experience and qualifications, and the location of the clinic or hospital.
Additionally, the cost may be influenced by the patient's overall health and any additional treatments or therapies that may be required.
Factors such as the patient's insurance coverage and the availability of financing options may also play a role in determining the overall cost of the surgery.
So now you have an idea of what a gender reassignment surgery involves and how much the various surgeries may cost in India.
You are probably wondering where the cost of transgender surgery in India stands when compared to a few other countries.
Well, let’s find out!
Full Gender reassignment surgery cost – India vs other countries
| Country | Cost in USD |
| India | 5000 - 10000 |
| Thailand | Up to 15000 |
| Turkey | Up to 25000 |
| USA | Up to 50000 |
| UK | Up to 80000 |
Types of Gender Reassignment Surgery in India & Their Cost
Let’s consider the various surgeries involved and male to female surgery cost in India.
| Male to female surgery in India - Top |
| Surgery | Description |
Breast augmentation surgery | Breast augmentation surgery typically involves making an incision in the breast, creating a pocket for the implant to be placed, and then inserting the implant into the pocket. Cost in USD: 1290 - 1940 |
| Male to female surgery in India - Bottom |
| Surgery | Description |
Penectomy Surgery | A penectomy is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of the penis. Cost in USD:1100 - 1225 |
Removal of one or both testicles, which are the primary male reproductive organs that produce testosterone and sperm. Cost in USD: 405 - 1010 | |
Vulvoplasty | Modifying the appearance and/or function of the vulva, the external female genitalia, which may include labiaplasty, clitoroplasty and others. Cost in USD: 384 - 449 |
Zero-depth vaginoplasty | The tissues of the penis and scrotum are rearranged to generate a vulva and a functioning urethra. A vaginal canal is not developed. Cost in USD: 513 - 641 |
Vaginoplasty | Skin and tissue is taken from the penis to build both an outer and inner vagina. Your surgeon will employ a skin graft to build a new vaginal canal. Cost in USD: 10,000 - 30,000 |
Hip Widening Surgery | Procedure to cut and reshape the pelvis to increase the width of the hip bones and create a more feminine shape. Cost in USD: 8000 - 11,000 |
| Male to female surgery in India - Face feminization surgery |
| Surgery | Description |
Tracheal shave | Surgical procedure that involves reducing the size of the thyroid cartilage (Adam's apple) to create a more feminine appearance of the neck. Cost in USD: 650 - 700 |
Cheek Implantation Surgery | Surgical procedure that involves the use of an implant to increase the volume of the cheeks to create a more feminine appearance. Cost in USD: 897 - 1026 |
Jawline feminization surgery | Surgical procedure that involves reshaping the jaw and chin to create a softer, more rounded, and feminine jawline. Cost in USD: 1034 - 1550. |
Forehead feminization surgery | A procedure that involves reshaping the forehead to reduce the size of the brow ridge, creating a more feminine contour. Cost in USD: 4000 - 15000 |
Voice feminization surgery | A procedure that aims to alter the pitch and tone of the voice to sound more feminine through techniques such as laryngeal shaving or vocal cord reconstruction. Cost in USD: 1026 onwards |
But what if you are female by birth and identify yourself as male?
Read on to assess the female to male surgery cost in India.
Want to inquire about personalized treatment expenses? Don't hesitate. Talk to us today.
Female to Male Surgery In India- Top
| Surgery | Description |
| Double incision with nipple graft | A procedure that involves making two incisions along a medium-large chest, removing excess breast tissue and creating a more masculine chest shape, and then grafting nipples to complete the appearance. Cost in USD: 3000-5000 |
| Periareolar surgery | A procedure that involves making an incision around the areola in a smaller chest, removing breast tissue and reshaping the chest to create a more masculine appearance. Cost in USD: 2000-2500 |
| Keyhole surgery | A procedure that involves making a small incision around the areola of an extremely small chest, removing breast tissue and reshaping the chest to create a more masculine appearance, minimizing scarring. Cost in USD: 2000-2500 |
Female to Male Surgery In India- Bottom
| Surgery | Description |
| Hysterectomy | A procedure that involves removing the uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries. Cost in USD: 800-900 |
| Vaginectomy | A procedure that involves the removal of the vagina. Cost in USD: 759-1266 |
| Phalloplasty | A procedure that involves the construction of a neophallus (artificial penis) and urinary tract using tissue from the patient's own body, such as the forearm or thigh. Cost in USD: 2500-2600 |
| Metoidioplasty | A procedure that involves releasing the tissue of the clitoris, which has been stimulated to grow through hormone therapy, and repositioning it to create a defined phallus. Cost in USD: 1000-1100 |
Facial Masculinization surgery
| Surgery | Description |
Forehead Lengthening | A procedure that involves the surgical extension of the forehead to create a more masculine look. Cost in USD: 1010-1150 |
Cheek implants | A procedure that involves the surgical insertion of an implant to increase the volume of the cheekbones and create a more masculine facial structure. Cost in USD: Starts at 2200 |
Rhinoplasty | A procedure that involves the surgical reshaping of the nose to create a more masculine look. Cost in USD: 1076 on average |
Jaw contouring | A procedure that involves the surgical reshaping of the jawline to create a more masculine shape. Cost in USD: 633 -1899 |
Does Insurance Cover The Cost Of Gender Reassignment Surgery In India?
The availability of gender reassignment surgery in addition to medical coverage has been an important requirement. According to a source, this option is provided with medical insurance coverage in various nations, including Australia, New Zealand, Spain, Germany, Italy, and Brazil, among others.
Ayushman Transgender Health Insurance was launched by the Indian government on September 23, 2018. It was launched under the SMILE umbrella program (Support for Marginalised Individuals for Livelihood and Enterprise).
This gives each transgender person living in the rural poor the right to a 5-lakh-rupee insurance policy each year to cover the gender change operation cost in India.
The full health package includes insurance for all areas related to transition healthcare, including post-operative formalities. It can be used at both private and public health institutions.
You may be wondering about the success rate of transgender surgery in India. Let’s look at the statistics!
Success Rates of Transgender Surgery In India
The success rate of transgender surgery in India can vary depending on the persons overall health, specific procedure and the skill of the surgeon performing it.
| MTF Surgery Success Rate | ||
| Procedure | Success Rate | |
| Vaginoplasty | Between 80%-90% | |
| Labiaplasty | Between 80%-82% | |
| Clitoroplasty | Between 85%-90% | |
| FTM Surgery Success Rate | ||
| Procedure | Success Rate | |
| Phalloplasty | Between 65%-85% | |
| Metoidioplasty | Between 86%-91% | |
| Hysterectomy and oophorectomy | Between 90%-95% | |
Are you looking for a reliable yet cost-effective gender change surgery? India may an excellent choice for you.
Why choose India for transgender surgery?
India is one of the most preferred destinations for transgender surgery due to the following reasons:
- Lower cost: The cost of transgender surgery in India is significantly lower compared to other developed countries. This can make it an affordable option for those who may not have access to the procedure elsewhere.
- Qualified Surgeons: India has a number of qualified and experienced surgeons who are skilled in performing transgender surgery. Many of them have trained and practiced in western countries.
- Advancement in technology: India is developing rapidly in the field of medical technology and has some of the most advanced medical facilities and equipment in the world.
- Privacy and confidentiality: India offers a high level of privacy and confidentiality for patients who may not want to disclose their transgender status to their friends and family.
- Cultural sensitivity: India has a long tradition of tolerance and acceptance of transgender individuals, which can make it a more comfortable and welcoming environment for patients seeking transgender surgery.
It's important to note that while India offers many benefits for transgender surgery, it's also important to thoroughly research and vet any surgeon you plan to use.
Take the first step to recovery. Get in touch with us for your treatment.
FAQs
How can I legally change my gender in India after surgery?
After surgery, you need to submit medical proof and a formal application to local authorities to change your gender legally. Check with local offices or advocacy groups for specific steps.
How long is the recovery period after transgender surgery in India?
Recovery varies by surgery type. For example, chest surgery (FTM) typically takes 4-6 weeks, while vaginoplasty (MTF) may take 8-12 weeks. Follow your surgeon’s recovery plan closely.
Are there financial aid or insurance options for transgender surgery in India?
Some insurance plans cover transgender surgeries, but it varies. Check with your provider for details. NGOs and community groups may offer financial support if you need help with costs.
What are the risks of transgender surgery?
Transgender surgeries carry risks like any major surgery, including infection and bleeding. Each procedure has specific risks, so discuss these with your surgeon to fully understand them.
How should I prepare for transgender surgery in India?
Preparation includes medical evaluations and possibly making lifestyle changes like quitting smoking. Emotional readiness and support from family, friends, or counseling are also crucial.
