Questions Answered By Dr. Ashwani Kumar (19)
Female | 39
Tuberculosis maningitis with hiv
Answered on 3rd Mar '23
Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) in HIV-infected individuals
Female | 38
Hi, how are you doing. My name is Zabeeda. I am 38 years old. I am from Guyana. I am having a shrinking cerebellum and the symptoms feelings is killing me. Dr said that balance feelings will go away. Don't know. Please tell me.
Answered on 22nd Feb '23
Cerebellum Shrinking
Female | 01
My daughter is 28 days old..she was born with 6mm Asd heart defect..how can it be cured?
Answered on 15th Feb '23
Atrial septal defect (ASD)
Many babies born with atrial septal defects have no signs or symptoms. Signs or symptoms can begin in adulthood.
Atrial septal defect signs and symptoms can include:
- Shortness of breath, especially when exercising
- Fatigue
- Swelling of legs, feet or belly (abdomen)
- Irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias)
- Sensation of a rapid, pounding heartbeat (palpitations) or skipped beats
- Whooshing sound that can be heard through a stethoscope (heart murmur)
When to see a doctor
Serious congenital heart defects, including large atrial septal defects, are often diagnosed before or soon after a child is born.
Contact your health care provider if you or your child has:
- Shortness of breath
- Easy tiring, especially after activity
- Swelling of legs, feet or belly (abdomen)
- Sensations of a rapid, pounding heartbeat (palpitations) or skipped beats
Female | 24
I am 24 year old,girl, have pain in Coccyx for 6-7years.
Answered on 14th Feb '23
Male | 17
I’ve been able to feel my lymph nodes for about 4 months I don’t have any other symptoms they aren’t big either they are about the size of a bean I can feel two in my groin and one under my jaw
Answered on 5th Feb '23
What are lymph nodes and what is their function?
Lymph nodes are small round, bean-shaped organs that are part of the lymphatic system. In turn, the lymphatic system and, therefore, the nodes, are a crucial component in the functioning of our immune system, which protects the body from possible infections and other diseases and their spread.
This lymphatic system is made up of vessels, somewhat larger than capillaries and smaller than veins. The fluid that bathes the cells of our body – interstitial fluid – is collected in part by capillaries and in part by the lymphatic system. This fluid, already as lymph or lymphatic fluid, is slowly transported to the venous system and from there to the heart.
The lymph is made up mainly of water, proteins, minerals and other nutrients and, in turn, by damaged cells or foreign particles such as bacteria or viruses and in cases of cancer , by cancer cells . All lymph passes through the strategically located lymph nodes, where the lymph is cleared of injured cells, cancer cells, and foreign particles.
Lymph nodes contain specialized white blood cells (for example, T and B lymphocytes and macrophages ), designed to engulf and destroy damaged cells, cancer cells, infectious microorganisms, and foreign particles.
Thus, the main functions of the lymphatic system are to remove damaged cells from the body., prevent the spread of an infection (most common) or cancer, in addition to spreading the immune response throughout the rest of the body.
The most nodes are located under the skin at strategic points on the body, especially in -cervicales supraclaviculares- neck, armpits ; others are not accessible. These nodes usually measure from half a centimeter to one centimeter in diameter, although in the groin they can reach two centimeters in normal situation. Sometimes these nodes can be felt under the skin.
Read more about lymph nodes: Why are the lymph nodes swollen? Causes and treatment
Female | 23
Period missing please tell me
Answered on 5th Feb '23
Missed Periods
Male | 74
My father is suffering from cancer. He has esophagus stage 4 and lungs also affected . Now blockage are increasing and able to take liquids only. He is able to roam little bit. We are taking some ayurvedic medicine which are not working well. what are the options we have to treat him. Can we go chemotherapy to control disease.
Answered on 18th Apr '23
Menstruation Disorders: Symptoms, Causes & More
Menstruation disorders – the menstrual cycle (menstruation) is a condition indicating a change in the functioning of the organs of the reproductive system. This disorder occurs in almost all women, the cause of their development can be both physiological and pathological disorders.
Before treating menstruation disorders, it is important to undergo a series of examinations, the results of which will help the doctor determine the main etiological factor and prescribe the necessary therapy.
Causes of menstruation disorders
The main cause of menstrual irregularities is considered to be hormonal dysfunction in women, which entails an unstable manifestation of bleeding. This condition can be conditionally divided into 3 main groups:
- Physiological – climate change, frequent nervous overstrain, inappropriate nutrition, menopause
- Pathological – gynecological diseases, chronic pathologies of internal organs and systems that have a negative impact on the work of the pelvic organs
- Medication – taking hormonal contraceptives, glucocorticoids, anticoagulants, anticonvulsants that can affect the menstrual cycle.
Violation of menstruation in women after 40 years is most often associated with age- related changes in the reproductive system. At this age, the depletion of the ovarian follicular reserve occurs, and the frequency of anovulatory cycles increases. Such changes in the female body are initially caused by irregular periods, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, then menopause.
In young girls, menstruation disorders is often associated with uneven maturation of the hypothalamic-pituitary and ovarian systems. Less commonly, congenital or acquired syndromes, chromosomal disorders, or reproductive system abnormalities can be the cause. Regardless of the cause, the treatment of the failure of menstruation should be carried out under the guidance of a gynecologist.
Symptoms of menstruation disorders
Depending on the etiological factor, menstrual irregularities can manifest themselves in different ways, therefore, a classification of clinical manifestations has been derived in gynecology, including:
- Algodismenorrhea – accompanied by pulling pains in the lower abdomen, nausea, headaches, menstruation failure
- Dysmenorrhea – an unstable cycle, manifests itself sharply without accompanying symptoms
- Hypermenorrhea – profuse flow of menstruation with a normal duration
- Menorrhagia – the cycle lasts up to 12 days with profuse bleeding
- Hypomenorrhea – scanty spotting
- Polymenorrhea – the interval between menstruation is not more than 21 days
- Oligomenorrhea – short periods with a duration of 1 – 2 days
- Opsomenorrhea – rare discharge at intervals of 1 time in 3 months.
In addition to the main clinical signs, there may be other symptoms that worsen a woman’s well-being and quality of life:
- Increased fatigue
- Irritability
- Decrease or increase in body weight
- Pain in the lower back or lower abdomen of varying intensity
- Nausea
- Frequent headaches, migraines.
All of the above symptoms should not be ignored by the doctor, who, after the results of the examination, will be able to determine the cause, make the correct diagnosis, choose the necessary therapy, and give recommendations.
How and what to treat
When a woman has a menstrual disorder, the doctor will necessarily prescribe a number of instrumental and laboratory tests:
- Ultrasound
- Histological analysis
- Colposcopy
- Flora smear
- Dad test
- Analysis of blood, urine
- Infectious screening.
The research results will help the doctor get a complete picture, determine the cause, and, if necessary, select drug therapy.
Treatment for menstrual irregularities directly depends on the cause, concomitant symptoms and characteristics of the patient’s body. If physiological reasons are the cause, it is enough to normalize the regime of the day and rest, monitor nutrition, and avoid physical and psychological stress.
When the cycle is disrupted due to infections, inflammatory processes of the ovaries, antibacterial drugs, uroseptics, hormonal drugs, physiotherapy, vitamin therapy are prescribed. Herbal medicine is prescribed as an aid. The choice of any drug always remains with the attending physician, who will select the required dose and duration of administration.
To regulate menstruation, doctors often advise to follow a diet, to exclude contact with any provoking factors. If the failure of menstruation occurs due to damage to the cervix, the woman may be prescribed surgical treatment.
Treatment and Prevention Tips
In order to avoid menstrual irregularities, doctors in the field of gynecology recommend women and girls to monitor their health, not to self-medicate. Every woman must follow certain rules, as well as have the necessary information:
- Girls’ periods should begin at the age of 10-14 years
- Keep a menstrual calendar
- Visit a gynecologist at least once every 6 months
- Timely treat all gynecological diseases
- Not to self-medicate, uncontrolled intake of medications
- Balance the menu
- Lead an active and healthy lifestyle.
Female | 16
Doctor my period have very lite 2 years but this month not period actually I will age attention 4 month go period fully I will check hospital but give some medicine hormone that medican put only woman my period have 2years lite
Answered on 4th Feb '23
Menstruation Disorders: Symptoms, Causes & More
Menstruation disorders – the menstrual cycle (menstruation) is a condition indicating a change in the functioning of the organs of the reproductive system. This disorder occurs in almost all women, the cause of their development can be both physiological and pathological disorders.
Before treating menstruation disorders, it is important to undergo a series of examinations, the results of which will help the doctor determine the main etiological factor and prescribe the necessary therapy.
Causes of menstruation disorders
The main cause of menstrual irregularities is considered to be hormonal dysfunction in women, which entails an unstable manifestation of bleeding. This condition can be conditionally divided into 3 main groups:
- Physiological – climate change, frequent nervous overstrain, inappropriate nutrition, menopause
- Pathological – gynecological diseases, chronic pathologies of internal organs and systems that have a negative impact on the work of the pelvic organs
- Medication – taking hormonal contraceptives, glucocorticoids, anticoagulants, anticonvulsants that can affect the menstrual cycle.
Violation of menstruation in women after 40 years is most often associated with age- related changes in the reproductive system. At this age, the depletion of the ovarian follicular reserve occurs, and the frequency of anovulatory cycles increases. Such changes in the female body are initially caused by irregular periods, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, then menopause.
In young girls, menstruation disorders is often associated with uneven maturation of the hypothalamic-pituitary and ovarian systems. Less commonly, congenital or acquired syndromes, chromosomal disorders, or reproductive system abnormalities can be the cause. Regardless of the cause, the treatment of the failure of menstruation should be carried out under the guidance of a gynecologist.
Symptoms of menstruation disorders
Depending on the etiological factor, menstrual irregularities can manifest themselves in different ways, therefore, a classification of clinical manifestations has been derived in gynecology, including:
- Algodismenorrhea – accompanied by pulling pains in the lower abdomen, nausea, headaches, menstruation failure
- Dysmenorrhea – an unstable cycle, manifests itself sharply without accompanying symptoms
- Hypermenorrhea – profuse flow of menstruation with a normal duration
- Menorrhagia – the cycle lasts up to 12 days with profuse bleeding
- Hypomenorrhea – scanty spotting
- Polymenorrhea – the interval between menstruation is not more than 21 days
- Oligomenorrhea – short periods with a duration of 1 – 2 days
- Opsomenorrhea – rare discharge at intervals of 1 time in 3 months.
In addition to the main clinical signs, there may be other symptoms that worsen a woman’s well-being and quality of life:
- Increased fatigue
- Irritability
- Decrease or increase in body weight
- Pain in the lower back or lower abdomen of varying intensity
- Nausea
- Frequent headaches, migraines.
All of the above symptoms should not be ignored by the doctor, who, after the results of the examination, will be able to determine the cause, make the correct diagnosis, choose the necessary therapy, and give recommendations.
How and what to treat
When a woman has a menstrual disorder, the doctor will necessarily prescribe a number of instrumental and laboratory tests:
- Ultrasound
- Histological analysis
- Colposcopy
- Flora smear
- Dad test
- Analysis of blood, urine
- Infectious screening.
The research results will help the doctor get a complete picture, determine the cause, and, if necessary, select drug therapy.
Treatment for menstrual irregularities directly depends on the cause, concomitant symptoms and characteristics of the patient’s body. If physiological reasons are the cause, it is enough to normalize the regime of the day and rest, monitor nutrition, and avoid physical and psychological stress.
When the cycle is disrupted due to infections, inflammatory processes of the ovaries, antibacterial drugs, uroseptics, hormonal drugs, physiotherapy, vitamin therapy are prescribed. Herbal medicine is prescribed as an aid. The choice of any drug always remains with the attending physician, who will select the required dose and duration of administration.
To regulate menstruation, doctors often advise to follow a diet, to exclude contact with any provoking factors. If the failure of menstruation occurs due to damage to the cervix, the woman may be prescribed surgical treatment.
Treatment and Prevention Tips
In order to avoid menstrual irregularities, doctors in the field of gynecology recommend women and girls to monitor their health, not to self-medicate. Every woman must follow certain rules, as well as have the necessary information:
- Girls’ periods should begin at the age of 10-14 years
- Keep a menstrual calendar
- Visit a gynecologist at least once every 6 months
- Timely treat all gynecological diseases
- Not to self-medicate, uncontrolled intake of medications
- Balance the menu
- Lead an active and healthy lifestyle.
Female | 25
I am 25 yrs old unmarried having menstrual problem I have normal periods until June then it takes two months for getting periods then continue normally past few months now my date is 24 jan but I didn't get my period then 2 feb get my period with less bleeding compare to previous months
Answered on 4th Feb '23