It's first essential to understand the possible causes behind dark lips:

• Hyperpigmentation, which is characterized by excess melanin, could be the culprit. Lip hyperpigmentation in turn may be caused by following factors:

1. excessive sun exposure,
2. dehydration,
3. tobacco,
4. allergic reaction to toothpaste, lipstick, etc.
5. excess of caffeine,
6. Repetitive licking of lips,
7. alcohol.
   Using sunscreen, avoiding tobacco & alcohol, limiting caffeine intake, drinking more water, and switching up brands on certain lip/dental products may help.

• chemotherapy,
• anemia,
• vitamin deficiency,
• use of excess fluoride.
  For this you should get medical tests conducted, and then either get treated for vitamin deficiency & anemia, or limit fluoride usage, or for chemotherapy you can seek dermatologist guidance with the approval of doctor managing your chemo.

If changing certain lifestyle habits don't work in your favor, then you can approach dermatologist, where upon personal consultation they will provide treatments such as:

• topical medications,
• chemical peel,
• laser,
• microdermabrasion,
• or lip tattooing as the final resort.

For more information, you can refer our page to get in touch with experts - Skin Treatment doctors in Mumbai, let us know if your city is different.

You need a non-comedogenic moisturiser which doesn’t cause any breakout or add to the oily state of the skin. Squalene, ceramide containing moisturisers which do not block the pores are recommended for oily skin. Please consult a dermatologist for thorough analysis of your skin to get a customised prescription suitable for your skin. Each one has a unique skin and has to use  best suitable products to maintain a healthy skin. Open pores can be reduced by using retinol containing creams at bedtime. If they are severe procedural treatments like laser toning, micro needling radio frequency can help.

In only rare cases is it observed that people get hepatitis B despite being vaccinated, in which case it could be blamed on unhealthy lifestyle or health problems as well, but then they respond more effectively to the second round of vaccine if in case they do acquire this disease despite vaccination. They are also known as vaccine non-responders. You can have baby though, the baby will be vaccinated against hepatitis A and B in the delivery room, followed by antibody titer test which will be conducted one month after the baby has been vaccinated, so as to see whether their body responded to the vaccine or not. Get in touch with hepatologists for second opinions, our page will help - Hepatologist in Chennai, let us know if your city is different or if there's any unaddressed question!

You can consult other ophthalmologists for second opinions - Best Ophthalmologists in India. 

We pray for speedy recovery of the patient, and this page will expose you to qualified neurophysiotherapist - Neuro Physiotherapists in Mumbai. Let us know if your city is different and come to us if you ever need guidance!

You can start with topical medications suggested by dermatologist before opting for laser, and if laser doesn't work then there's chemical peel, dermabrasion, and microdermabrasion. Laser like any other treatment will have its own side effects, such as, it can leave your skin itchy, red, and swollen, can cause undesired changes in skin color if not handled properly, and can also lead to scarring & infection. To avoid which you would either have to follow advised precautions, or discuss comorbidities at length with doctor, or wait for them to go on their own and follow post-treatment skin care regime. The price can be in the range of rs. 4,000 to rs. 30,000, or exceed the given range depending on city, clinic, experience, and severity of concern, or even choice of equipment. You can refer our page to get in touch with experts - Skin Treatment doctors in Mumbai, let us know if your city is different.

Yes dermatologists start out with them and later on progress to advanced treatments, they will guide you on everything. You can refer our page to get in touch with experts - Skin Treatment doctors in Chennai. Let us know if your city is different, or if you need us to address any other query!

Try cold compresses or use some kind of lubrication such as eyedrops, but they will provide temporary comfort and only an ophthalmologist can decide otherwise what the next course of action should be, you can take second opinions from others however - Best Ophthalmologists in India.

What we can suggest from our end is, that you apply sunscreen to your wounds and visit an expert who can really treat it - Skin Treatment doctors in Chennai, let us know if your choice of city is different, and leave us a message anytime you have doubts!

The treatment will depend on:

1. the symptoms she's showing.
2. the kind of organs that are affected.

Show her to a physician, they will assess reports, conduct tests and then direct towards the right specialist, which could possibly be a nephrologist or endocrinologist. You can refer our page to find doctors - General Physicians in India.

With knowledge of and experience regarding various kinds of therapies, either medicated, or advanced, or both, a dermatologist will be able to solve your issues.

• Regarding how to stop hair fall immediately: You can try using minoxidil, an over the counter hair care product which is to be used on scalp twice everyday by men, and once by women on daily basis. If after a month or 2 you see no difference, then approach an expert.
   
• And as far as skin care is concerned, you can try to incorporate the following steps in your daily routine:

1. Wash face twice a day using either face wash gel or foam, whatever matches your skin type.
2. Apply moisturizer as soon as you are done washing face.
3. In morning you can use sunscreen after moisturizer, and in night you can either stop at moisturizer or use night cream instead.
    

But the doctor will always have a stronger prescription and better solutions to handle side effects or prevent risks, and if these things don't work then you will have to approach an expert. Our page might help you find some of the leading experts to get consultation from - Dermatologists in India.

There could be many underlying causes or this could be a hint for any disorder as well, so visiting a doctor is the only thing you can do - General Physicians in India.

We don't get your question, was the surgery successful or did it result in other wounds post-surgery? If yes, then contact your surgeon. You can also refer our page to find experts for second opinions  - Plastic Surgery doctors in Mumbai, let us know if you city is different!

Visit a dermatologist would be a better idea, they will start with topical medication and lifestyle hacks - Hair Fall Treatment doctors in Mumbai. Let us know if your city is different!

We are aware of following treatments as far as skin whitening is concerned, and they are as follows:

• Chemical peel (Rs. 1,800-5,500): in this treatment a solution containing alpha-hydroxy acid will be applied to your skin, which will exfoliate the damaged upper layers of your skin and eliminate the melanin build up, thus revealing healthy tissue beneath, this solution concentrate can be light, medium or deep, and will work for blemishes, dark spots and uneven skin tone as well.
• Laser (Rs. 4,000-30,000): This procedure will make use of a light beam to minimize melanin content within your skin. Thus making your skin brighter and helping it overcome tanning as well as dark spots.
• Injections (Rs. 6,000-40,000): they can detoxify the body, protect the skin from harmful UV rays and enhance your skin tone. This procedure will require a dosage of glutathione however, which can be unsafe and cause severe side effects as well.
• Skin whitening products for body (Rs. 200-20,000): You will get to use a wide range of creams with bleaching properties. These are good for instant gratification but won't deliver long lasting results or work skin deep.

You may have to approach a highly experienced dermatologist to avail above treatments, you may refer from our list of dermatologists in India to get more information.